Representation and representativeness in trade union organizations: Comparative overview between Colombia and Venezuela
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Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive comparative analysis
of trade union representation and representativeness
between Colombia and Venezuela, through systematic
review of their constitutional normative frameworks,
specific labor legislation (Colombian Substantive Labor Code and Venezuelan LOTTT), constitutional jurisprudence,
and ILO international conventions ratified by both
nations. The research employs qualitative methodology
with hermeneutic-interpretative approach, comparative
documentary analysis, normative source triangulation,
and systematic contrasting of legal provisions updated
through 2024. The findings reveal fundamental structural
similarities derived from ILO guideline implementation,
evidencing constitutional recognition of union rights and
identical hierarchical organizations. Representativeness
presents antagonistic models: Colombia adopts multirepresentativeness allowing multiple union coexistence, while Venezuela implements unique representativeness through state-supervised inter-union referendum. The conclusions demonstrate that both political systems have instrumentalized apparently protective legal frameworks to limit actual union life through severe state intervention: Colombia through systematic violence, fragmentation, and restrictive requirements; Venezuela through direct political control with “Bolivarian unions” and elimination of independent representation. This paradox evidences a structural representativeness crisis characterized by excessive politicization, deterioration of historical achievements, and subordination of labor interests to governmental conveniences, without generating internal improvements in union organizations.
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