Coca Plantations: Economy and Violence in Municipalities of Colombia 2012 – 2019
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7196-5542
Abstract
Coca cultivation in Colombia is related to multiple problems that primarily affect the rural areas of the country. This article aims to expose the determining factors that explain the presence of coca plantations in the municipalities of Colombia for the period 2012 - 2019. To do so, a panel data model is developed to obtain results that, although not homogeneous across the territory, indicate that overall, increases in the municipal violence index are positively associated with the growth of coca cultivation hectares in Colombia's municipalities in the short term. The findings suggest that only a quarter of coca cultivation is reduced for every hectare sprayed and increases by 0.22 for every hectare eradicated manually, highlighting the ineffectiveness of anti-drug policy. It is necessary to look for alternatives to try to reduce the supply of the crop, differentiating the needs of each region of the country. In terms of the economy, the only sector that influences the reduction of cultivation is the secondary sector and the fiscal performance index.
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