Causas y consecuencias de la deserción y repitencia escolar: Una visión general en el contexto latinoamericano

Abstract

The objective of this study was to perform an analytical review of the problem of desertion and school repetition, focusing on investigating the causes or factors that generate them and the consequences resulting for the education system, since education at all levels is essential for social development. The sources of information were available databases and importance in the Latin American and International context. Research indicates that desertion is a multi-causal phenomenon, associated with the personal characteristics of students entering schools, through the familiar components, such as low level of education and parental income, to external agents such levels socio-economic, institutional, cultural, political and socio-linguistic communities where people who dropout. Meanwhile repetition, it was also understood as a complex phenomenon, associated more with personal and academic biography of students, as well as free choice of studies, adapting the education system, age, gender, marital status, personal expectations.unsatisfied, family relationships and student motivation. In general, knowing the factors associated with these problems and their consequences, be possible to achieve a real impact on the decline, since it can develop comprehensive strategies, including institutional review actions, setting educational policies, teaching practices, curriculum content, improving the qualifications of teachers, as well as welfare issues and coexistence of young people in the education.