Aplicación de Modelos Matemáticos Sistematizados para la Optimización de Centros de Distribución en Cadenas de Suministro: Application of Systematized Mathematical Models for the Optimization of Distribution Centers in Supply Chains

Abstract

This paper presents a mathematical allocation model for the opening and assignment of distribution centers, considering constraints such as capacity. The model includes objective functions to minimize total distance, minimize return costs, maximize distribution reliability, and maximize the reliability/distance ratio. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in key metrics: the model reduces the total distance traveled by 55% (from 970,760 to 434,918 meters), cuts return costs by 58% (from $9,831,600 to $4,151,500), and enhances delivery reliability by 10% (from 73.5% to 83.3%). Implementing the model improves logistics strategy by increasing customer delivery reliability and reducing product returns due to delays or unmet specifications.