Análisis de la generación, disposición y efectos ambientales de las llantas usadas de vehículos de pasajeros en dos localidades de Barranquilla

Abstract

Introduction: There is a problem in the city of Barranquilla regarding in the treatment of the solid waste product of the generation of used tires, along with its disposition and subsequent environmental effects. As of December of 2018, date on which this project is being carried on; there is no official system regulating the generation and proper disposal of used tires. Although there are laws that oversee this issue, mandated by the National Constitution, and preliminary projects that formulate systems for the proper collection and disposal of waste tires [1], most of them made in the capital city of Bogota, they are not properly reinforced or implemented to date, and most regulations only refer to the overall effects of the improper disposal of waste on the environment.

Objective: analyze the current status of the generation, disposition and environmental effects of used tires in the city, focusing in the Riomar and Northern Historic Centre, as the field data on which the analysis is based on was collected there, due most concentration of establishments. This paper explores existing alternatives and processes for handling the disposed used tires enabling the use of the materials and compounds within its structure for efficient uses of this resource while diminishing its impact on the environment.

Method: The analysis is going to identify the current factors that influence the generation of used tires and expand upon it with a forecast for the generation of used tires in the next 5 years, covering the year interval from 2019 to 2023. Following the forecast, will foreground the existing methods for the handling of the disposed tires, along with the environmental effects generated by the improper disposal of this type of waste.

Results: There is a growing positive relationship in the historical data regarding the relation of registered vehicles and the year. In the same way, the survey shows that the highest concentration of the sample discards the tires used in garbage dumps.

Conclusion: According to the results of the forecast and the surveys, the importance of controlling the disposal of used tires is highlighted, therefore it is established that the best practice to reduce or eliminate the used tires is co-processing for cement kilns and mechanical crushing by its zero emissions factor.