Análisis basado en optimización de externalidades negativas del servicio de transporte público urbano: Un caso de estudio

Abstract

Introduction: Using the principles of sustainable mobility for urban public transport, this research models and solves a problem of optimization of negative externalities of the public transport service such as congestion, climate change, air pollution, noise and traffic accidents, raising the possibility of minimizing the variable social costs.

Objective: The study was carried out in Ecuador, in the transportation system of the city of Ambato, which has 5 operators, 22 lines and 397 bus units.

Method: The Ngamchai and Lovell model, programmed in LINGO software, is used as the basis for the modeling and solution of the program.

Results:  Through the results obtained, the total cost for the operation of the transportation system was reduced from $ 8910.72 to $ 6608.39 per unit per hour, which implies a reduction of 25.9% with the individual considerations of the headway (separation in time between vehicles) for each of the lines that comprise it, and the fleet currently used is also reduced by 21%.

Conclusions: The research leaves open the possibility of proposing future studies that seek strategies to mitigate each of the externalities from a technical-economic perspective of environmental sustainability.